MOT rules & problems
What Does an MOT Check? The Full Test Explained
A section-by-section walkthrough of the MOT inspection, and an equally important list of what the test never looks at.
Published by the Serviced247 editorial teamLast reviewed 29 August 2026Reviewed on inspection-manual change
The MOT is often described as a general check of the car. It is not. It is an inspection of specified items against published standards, and understanding the boundary tells you what the certificate does and does not promise.
This guide walks the test section by section, then sets out what falls outside it.
Key takeaways
- The MOT tests roadworthiness, safety and emissions against defined standards on the day of the test.
- The DVSA inspection manual, updated 1 June 2026, is the definitive specification of what is tested.
- The engine's internal condition, clutch and gearbox are not tested.
- Passing does not mean the car is mechanically healthy - that is what servicing establishes.
- Newer vehicles carry additional test items, including certain electronic safety systems.
Where the standards come from
Testers work to the DVSA MOT inspection manual for private passenger and light commercial vehicles, which sets out each inspection item, the method of inspection and the defect categories. The current manual was updated on 1 June 2026, and DVSA publishes changes through special notices and the manuals collection.
Lighting and signalling
- Condition, operation, security and colour of all required lamps
- Headlamp aim and, where fitted, levelling and cleaning devices
- Indicators, hazard warning, brake lights, fog and reversing lamps
- Number plate lamps and reflectors
Steering and suspension
- Steering condition, security, operation and excessive free play
- Power steering operation and fluid leaks
- Suspension components, springs, dampers, bushes and mountings
- Wheel bearings and driveshaft condition
Brakes
- Condition and security of pipes, hoses, master cylinder and components
- Service brake and parking brake performance measured on a roller brake tester
- Brake balance across each axle
- Anti-lock braking and electronic stability control warning systems where fitted
Tyres and roadwheels
- Tread depth of at least 1.6mm across the central three-quarters, round the whole circumference
- Condition: cuts, bulges, exposed cord, perishing
- Correct type and specification, and matching tyres across an axle
- Roadwheel condition and security; tyre pressure monitoring warning where fitted
Seat belts and restraints
- Presence, condition, security and operation of all fitted belts
- Pre-tensioner and load limiter presence where required
- Airbags and the supplementary restraint system warning lamp
- Driver's seat security and adjustment
Driver's view of the road
- Windscreen condition, assessed by damage size and position
- Wipers and washers
- Mirrors and any obstruction to the driver's view
Exhaust, fuel and emissions
- Petrol emissions against gas limits; diesel smoke opacity
- Visible smoke of any colour for a sustained period is a failure
- Diesel particulate filter presence and evidence of tampering
- Exhaust system condition, security and noise; fuel system security and leaks
Body, structure and general items
- Corrosion and damage in and around prescribed areas
- Doors, bonnet, boot and their catches
- Towbars, where fitted
- Registration plates, vehicle identification number and horn
- Electrical wiring, battery security and, on electric vehicles, high-voltage cable condition
What the MOT does not check
- The internal condition of the engine, clutch and gearbox
- Whether the car has been serviced, or the condition of the oil
- Whether the car will remain roadworthy tomorrow - the test is a snapshot
- Air conditioning performance, infotainment, or comfort systems
This gap is why a car service and an MOT are complementary rather than interchangeable. The MOT proves legal compliance on the day; servicing manages condition over time.